Local «obesity» of adipocytes

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Anna Funikova, dermatovenereologist, cosmetologist, founder of the Medical Community clinic network and the UMAA Academy (Ukraine)

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Obesity is a chronic disease accompanied by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. According to statistics, in developed countries, 30% of adults and 10% of children are obese.

The modern understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity lies in the discrepancy between calorie intake and their cost. More often it is eating high-calorie foods (fats, carbohydrates) and low energy consumption. Less often - non-compliance with diets, transferring the main diet to the evening hours. Excess food enters the body in the form of triglycerides and is deposited in fat cells - adipocytes, causing them to increase in size and quantity.

There are at least two different types of obesity.

• The first type: violations are associated with the hypothalamus, accompanied by increased appetite, a certain psychology of behavior, a passive lifestyle and physical inactivity.
• The second type: violations are not associated with the hypothalamus, but are due to metabolic disorders, in which triglycerides accumulate more and are less consumed. Often accompanied by endocrine pathology.

Another important factor is heredity. In thin parents, the probability of having a child with obesity is 14%, and in parents with obesity - 70%. As shown by the studies of the pathophysiologist Churilov L.P. time for thin people is relative. Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipocytes under the action of insulin and a glucose-like hormone. Its reception is located in the hypothalamus, leptin signals to the hypothalamus that the body is full, thereby regulating hunger, behavioral response and an increase in calorie expenditure.

*Full version of the access article in Ukrainian and Russian