Rejection and other unpleasant "adventures" of permanent makeup pigment

The immune protective functions of the body make it necessary to get rid of foreign substances that enter it. This explains the partial release of pigment from the skin after the permanent makeup procedure - this phenomenon is common. Quite rarely (no more than 5% of all cases) it happens that the pigment in the skin remains in insufficient quantity or does not take root at all, and a month after the procedure, there is no trace of the tattoo.

During the procedure, the PM master damages the epidermis and small vessels, introducing paint crystals with a needle and thereby causing pinpoint hemorrhages. Aseptic inflammation develops in the body, which is a reaction to an external stimulus. Leukocytes and erythrocytes rush into the tissues located around the damaged area, which causes edema. Later, cells responsible for immunity enter the fight against a foreign body - active macrophages that absorb pigment particles and destroyed epidermal fibers. The process of skin regeneration runs in parallel with phagocytosis. During this period, fibroblast cells create elastin and collagen fibers that separate the pigment particles from the tissues surrounding them. The damaged area is covered by epidermal cells, blood and lymph form a crust on the surface of the skin, which performs the function of protecting the damaged skin from external factors.

Permanent make-up remains in the skin because the pigment captured by macrophages, unlike skin cells, is not digested in the cytoplasm. An epithelial bag is formed around the pigment particles, which retains the paint in the skin for a long period. This process is called incomplete phagocytosis.

Since the pigment is introduced into the surface layers of the skin, it is not difficult for the body to partially remove it. Carrying out the PM correction procedure is designed to solve this problem and fix the result for a relatively long time without the negative consequences that are inevitable if the pigment is injected into the deeper layers of the skin. Masters must know where the critical depth for the introduction of the pigment begins, since such a practice will still not give a positive result - remaining in the skin, the pigment will change the shade to an undesirable one.

The degree of "survival" of the pigment

PM masters with extensive experience and extensive practice distinguish 3 degrees of pigment "survival". Ideally, if the pigment is preserved almost completely immediately after one procedure. In this case, the pigment is laid evenly, without gaps, and the client is satisfied with both the color and saturation, and the result needs only minimal correction during the second procedure. Complete preservation of the pigment is also a rather rare case, which indicates the professionalism of the master, his great experience, deep knowledge in the field of color and understanding of the "behavior" of the pigment in the skin.

By the way, the condition of the client's skin also plays an important role and can affect the survival of the pigment. So, owners of dry skin often get the perfect result after the procedure.

Partial survival and loss of pigment during healing is absolutely normal - this occurs in 30-50% of cases and is fully explained by the body's natural defense mechanism. For such clients, gaps form, the color is not bright enough - all this can be corrected by re-correction of the PM.

Partial loss of pigment can occur for other reasons:

• the master incorrectly chose the technique for the procedure (for example, for clients with oily skin, it is better not to use the hair technique, but to work using the spraying or shading technique);
• increased secretion of lymph (which leads to the removal of pigment from the skin). The master can reduce the risk of increased excretion if he uses secondary anesthesia with a vasoconstrictive effect;
• the master introduced the pigment to an insufficient depth. Most often, this is a mistake of young masters who still “feel” the skin poorly and work in the uppermost layer of the epidermis. In this case, the pigment comes off with the crusts;
• the master incorrectly selected the pigment for the procedure - for example, he used tint pigments instead of base ones (many manufacturers have such a separation of pigments). Tinted pigments, in contrast to the basic ones (dense ones with a good covering effect), do not have a sufficient density of coloring particles and are not used independently;
• the work was carried out on fibrous skin. When working with scarred skin, masters should remember that the technique for performing PM in this case is significantly different. If the master does not have the proper experience in working with scars, or he simply ignores the peculiarities of working with such skin, the pigment may not partially take root;
• recurrence of herpes, which very often ends with lip tattooing. This is an unpleasant consequence of PM, which can spoil the contour and affect the density of the pigment;
• improper post-procedural care.

The most unpleasant, but, fortunately, the rarest, is the situation when the pigment leaves the skin completely. There is still no clear explanation why this is happening. But it is possible to designate a risk group: these are clients with individual characteristics of internal metabolism, reduced immunity, hormonal imbalance, increased activity of the sebaceous glands; vessels close to the surface and taking blood-thinning medications can also increase pigment loss, as can ignoring PM care tips during skin regeneration.