Safety of permanent makeup: we exclude the risks of infection

Useful material in the heading " The ABCs of a Beginning Master " with comments by microbiologist-virologist Anna Esypenko.

Permanent make-up is an invasive, that is, a penetrating procedure, so it must be sterile and safe. The safety of permanent makeup is very important for both the customer and the master. Never forget the risk of infection and hygiene requirements. The most serious danger is represented by hepatitis and AIDS viruses. According to statistics, despite all the efforts of doctors, the number of people infected with hepatitis and HIV is increasing from year to year.

A person often does not realize that he is a carrier of a dangerous disease and can infect others. For example, the hepatitis virus - HBV (hepatitis B, C, D) remains active in a drop of blood for up to six months. Therefore, any objects that come into contact with the patient's blood or lymph can be a source of infection for several months. During the tattooing procedure, it is impossible at first glance to determine whether a person is infected; they usually do not ask for a certificate about this in cosmetology centers.

G - Hepatitis

The leader in terms of contagiousness is hepatitis B, an anthroponotic viral disease caused by a pathogen with pronounced hepatotropic properties. This is the most common and fairly common disease that is infected during manicure, pedicure, and in dental offices. Its danger lies in its microscopic size and extremely high resistance to various physical and chemical factors: low and high temperatures (including boiling), repeated freezing and thawing, and prolonged exposure to an acidic environment. In the external environment at room temperature, the hepatitis B virus can persist for up to several weeks: in blood stains, on a razor blade, the end of a needle. In blood serum at a temperature of +30 °C, the infectivity of the virus persists for six months, at a temperature of −20 °C ⎼ about 15 years, in dry plasma ⎼ 25 years. Inactivated by autoclaving for 30 minutes, dry heat sterilization at 160°C for 60 minutes, heating at 60°C for 10 hours.

Some types of hepatitis virus

Infection occurs naturally (sexual, vertical, domestic) and artificial (parenteral, that is, the infection enters directly into the blood, on the mucous membrane, etc., bypassing the body's defense mechanisms) by. The virus is present in the blood and various biological fluids - saliva, urine, semen, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood, etc. The contagiousness (infectiousness) of the hepatitis B virus exceeds the contagiousness of HIV by a hundred times! Therefore, it is necessary to comply with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis in full. And, of course, if the slightest amount of the client’s biological material gets on the master’s skin, it is necessary to apply all safety methods, and for this, anti-AIDS styling should be at hand! Masters who are in close contact with the client's biological material are required to know the algorithm for providing first aid in the situation that has arisen.

Hepatitis C is an anthroponotic viral disease with parenteral and instrumental routes of infection. It is less contagious than hepatitis B, but infection is also possible through damaged skin and mucous membranes, the most dangerous transmission factor is blood. Therefore, strict adherence to the rules of asepsis and antisepsis, as well as the use of only disposable instruments in work, will prevent many consequences.