Water-soluble vitamins: importance for health and beauty
Cheat sheet for cosmetologists and their patients
Complete nutrition is determined not only by the energy value of food, the balance of the diet in terms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, but also by the provision of vitamins, trace elements and minerals. We continue the conversation about vitamins started in one of the articles. Water-soluble vitamins and their importance for our health and beauty are on the agenda.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) was the first vitamin isolated from rice bran in crystalline form by K. Funk in 1912 (according to other data, it was first isolated by U. Suzuki in 1910). It is called thiamine because it contains sulfur (Greek - "thion") and an amino group.
Metabolism. Thiamine, received with food, is absorbed into the blood in the small intestine by simple diffusion. In the liver, a large part of thiamine is phosphorylated by the enzyme thiamine phosphokinase to thiamine monophosphate (TMF), thiamine diphosphate (TDP) and thiamine triphosphate (TTP). Thiamine then undergoes biotransformation, and the resulting conjugates are excreted in the urine. Certain amounts of thiamine are deposited in tissues. It should be taken into account that thiamine is destroyed at increased alkalinity of the environment.
Biochemical functions. Thiamin diphosphate is a coenzyme of decarboxylases involved in the oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids (pyruvic, α-ketoglutaric), as well as transketolase in the pentose phosphate pathway of glucose breakdown. Therefore, with a lack of thiamine, carbohydrate metabolism is sharply disrupted, and then other types of metabolism. Pyruvic and lactic acids accumulate in the blood and tissues.
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