Hypersensitivity and mesotherapy: diagnosis of allergic reactions and toxic responses

2025-12-19

Mesotherapy as an injection technique involving the introduction of active cocktails into the dermis has gained wide acceptance, however, its use carries the risk of developing unwanted immune and non-immune reactions. A key challenge for the physician is to differentiate true allergic reactions (hypersensitivity) from common toxic or pseudoallergic responses, which often arise due to the pharmacological action of the components or the injection technique.

Allergies are hypersensitivity reactions that are mediated by immunological mechanisms. Drug allergy is prone to progression and complications, therefore, by the nature of its manifestations and possible consequences, it potentially poses a threat to the patient's life. Intradermal administration of drugs increases the risk of patient sensitization. Careful collection of an allergy history is the first stage of drug allergy prevention! An uncomplicated allergy is considered to be an anamnesis if the patient has not had any allergic diseases in the past, has well tolerated all drugs, food products and contacts with chemicals, including cosmetics.

The second stage is the performance of an allergy test or, if necessary, a laboratory examination. If the history shows clear indications of allergy to the drug, then it and drugs that have cross-reacting common determinants cannot be administered to the patient and skin tests with this drug are not recommended. When evaluating the test results, one should always remember that in case of a negative result, the possibility of an allergic reaction cannot be ruled out. An alternative to samples is laboratory testing.

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