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Medical aspect

Dermopigmentation

Vitiligo (vitiligo) - today, one of the most difficult to treat and unexplored diseases in the world, which can occur at any age, both mature and very young. This disease manifests itself in the form of white spots on the skin, subsequently the loss or absence of melanin pigment in some of its areas. It is also important that this disease is accompanied by a loss of self-confidence and faith in one&#39;s own attractiveness. There are many ways to deal with the problem of vitiligo, but one of the most effective methods is micropigmentation. That is, a color pigment of a shade that corresponds to the shade of healthy skin is applied to the white areas of the skin. Thus, a uniform skin color is achieved and the unpleasant manifestation of the disease, white spots, is completely hidden. The presented article is an exclusive translation of the material published on the website of the international journal for micropigmentation specialists PMU International. Magazine of Permanent Makeup. Original article - <a href="https://pmuinternational.com/what-is-vitiligo/">link</a> Vitiligo is a skin disease, most often autoimmune, that is caused by unknown causes and is characterized by loss of pigmentation. Technically, the loss of pigmentation is due to a deficiency in melanocytes, which prevents it from producing the required amount of melanin. For patients with vitiligo, the problem of masking is painstaking. Areas prone to white spots include the face (lips, nostrils, and eyes), arms and hands, legs, feet, and genitals. Because there are no cures for a complete and irreversible cure for this condition and cosmetic coverage is not always easy, micropigmentation (also called <a href="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/permanent/kamuflirovanie-v-pm-resaem-kosmeticeskie-problemy-kozi">corrective repigmentation</a> ) offers a convenient and most reasonable solution. <img alt="" src="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/permanent/upload/files/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE-1.jpg" style="width: 1200px; height: 720px;" /><h2 style="text-align: center;"> Vitiligo: what is it?</h2> It is worth noting that the PM should not take responsibility for diagnosing vitiligo or draw any conclusions about how the process will develop further. First, this disease requires many medical tests to be identified. It can be easily confused with other dermatological conditions, such as Tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor), secondary syphilis, etc. Secondly, the condition of vitiligo determines whether micropigmentation treatment is possible. Only patients with stable vitiligo are eligible for micropigmentation, otherwise they risk developing the Koebner phenomenon, a phenomenon seen in some skin diseases (especially psoriasis and lichen planus) characterized by skin lesions in the form of long lines in response to injury; or further spread of vitiligo at the site of physical injury, i.e. cuts, abrasions, or in this case wounds from a tattoo needle. The non-progressive condition of vitiligo is usually defined as a condition where new white spots stop appearing and existing ones do not get bigger, however, sometimes the disease can progress without obvious signs, so the need for the PM practitioner to cooperate with the patient&#39;s dermatologist is beyond doubt. <img alt="Koebner phenomenon" src="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/permanent/upload/files/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%20%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%20%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE.jpg" style="width: 1200px; height: 813px;" /> The Koebner phenomenon is one of the possible complications after micropigmentation.<h2 style="text-align: center;"> The subtleties of the micropigmentation procedure</h2> An informed consent form must be signed with the patient prior to the procedure, stating that vitiligo micropigmentation is a lengthy, multi-session procedure, as multiple layers of pigment are required to achieve the most satisfactory results. The patch test is vital and is performed on a small, barely visible area before the procedure. Firstly, it helps to instill confidence in the patient about the procedure, and secondly, it makes the master more confident in the correct color selection. The first step in the corrective repigmentation procedure is to eliminate the contrast between the borders of the vitiligo marks and the central parts, which are usually much lighter. A light pigment is applied to the edges of these marks and beyond, blending into the unaffected areas. The next step is to spread the pigment all over the discolored area. The single needle technique is preferred over using a larger cluster as it allows for a more realistic look. The last step is to blend the recreated color with the surrounding skin tones. This is easier to achieve in darker and ethnically skinned patients and more difficult in fair skinned vitiligo patients. Although pigments tend to lighten over time, it is recommended that you start each session with lighter shades and then move on to darker ones, rather than overdoing it and waiting for the color to lighten normally. Complications that are possible after micropigmentation of vitiligo include exacerbation of the disease, Koebnerization, chronic granulomatous reactions and allergy to the injected pigment, secondary infection, and color mismatch. Corrective vitiligo repigmentation is generally a safe procedure, however, people with a history of psoriasis, herpes simplex virus, or HIV have an absolute contraindication.

Medical aspect for the PM master: what is vitiligo?