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Vladlena Averina, doctor of the highest category, dermatovenerologist of KB &quot;Feofania&quot;, scientific coordinator of the corporation &quot;Academy of Scientific Beauty&quot;, member of the scientific committee of AMWC Monaco (Ukraine)

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Skin youth is often determined by subjective parameters, for example, by color. However, the color of the skin is determined by several factors: red - the presence of oxidized hemoglobin in the capillaries, blue - reduced hemoglobin in the veins, yellow skin color depends on the content of carotenoids, and brown - on the content and distribution of melanin in it. The ratio of pigments in the skin determines its shade.

Another important parameter of the youth of the skin is its elasticity and hydration, and these factors depend on the effective blood supply of the facial skin. It is carried out by the facial artery, which branches off from the carotid artery. Inside the skin itself, blood supply occurs due to two intradermal blood networks: deep and superficial.

<h2>Manifestations of skin aging</h2>

With age, the blood supply of the skin deteriorates, the dermo-epidermal interaction weakens, the basement membrane loses its undulation, the number of skin capillaries and the thickness of the epidermis decrease, the proliferation of keratinocytes slows down, the intensity of free radical reactions increases, and a decrease in the number of melanomas is observed. 
 
Hormonal aging. As you know, estrogens stimulate the proliferation of keratinocytes, promote skin repair, restore the epidermal barrier, stimulate melanin synthesis, and have antioxidant activity. These hormones activate the secretion of mucopolysaccharides and hyaluronic acid, &quot;filling&quot; the dermis and contributing to its thickening. Estrogens also stimulate collagen synthesis, maintaining skin turgor, promote blood vessel expansion and increase skin vascularization. 
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Ways to improve the microcirculation of the skin of the face