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Plastic surgery and cosmetology

<h2>Involutional changes in the neck and d&eacute;collet&eacute; area </h2>

The skin of these anatomical regions is quite thin, easily stretchable and differs in its morphological structure from other regions of the human body. It has fewer melanocytes - cells that produce the pigment melanin, which is a natural filter for UV-radiation and reduces the harmful effects of sunlight on the skin during prolonged insolation. In addition, the number of sebaceous glands is also sharply limited, which is reflected in the increased tendency to lose moisture in this area of ​​the skin.

What involutional changes are taking place in this field from an anatomical-surgical and morphological point of view?

First, the structure of all anatomical formations of this field changes over time, with the replacement of specific cells by non-specific connective tissue cells. In particular, osteoporosis and gravitational redistribution of osteoclasts of the lower jaw and cervical spine lead to visible changes (smoothing or reduction) of the cervical chin.

Clinical classification of age-related changes in the zone:

<ul>
	<li>With the first degree, a slight decrease in the elasticity of the skin of the neck, a slightly pronounced second chin is observed. At the same time, the contour of the lower jaw remains unchanged.</li>
	<li>With the second degree of changes, a moderate decrease in the elasticity of the skin of the neck, a change in the contour of the lower jaw, and the formation of a second chin are distinguished.</li>
	<li>The third degree is distinguished by a moderate decrease in the elasticity of the skin of the neck, pronounced changes in the contour of the lower jaw, and a decrease in the tone of the platysma.</li>
	<li>The fourth degree is characterized by flabby, atonic skin of the neck, with deep circular wrinkles, pronounced changes in the contour of the lower jaw, pronounced second chin, pronounced platysma strands.</li>
</ul>

Full version of the access article <a href="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/cosmetology/mojlivosti-omolodjennya-oblasti-dekolte-ta-shiyi">in Ukrainian</a>

This article is part of the <a href="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/en/cosmetology/special_progect/plastic-surgery-and-cosmetology">Plastic Surgery and Cosmetology special project</a>

You can read all the articles on this topic:

<a href="https://pro.bhub.com.ua/en/cosmetology/special_progect/plastic-surgery-and-cosmetology" style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="https://api.estet.com.ua/upload/cosmetology-post-content/2023/%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%20%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%201682516281_wJ8M1B.webp" style="width: 450px; height: 384px;" /></a>

Possibilities of rejuvenation of the décolleté and neck area